Among the duties of my calling as the Ward Music Director, I have the responsibility to recommend and conduct “the congregational hymns for sacrament meetings.” Until now, as per an understanding between myself and the Ward Music Chairman, I have not recommended any particular hymns for her consideration. That is about to change. After an extensive data-gathering period and a bit of analysis, I am now prepared to make some recommendations.
Actual Data
- Period under consideration: calendar year 2009
- Number of Sundays: 52
- Number of sacrament meetings held by my ward: 48 [N.B. this should not be interpreted as a failure of my ward to meet some weeks, but rather it accounts for two Stake Conferences and two General Conferences]
- All 48 sacrament meetings featured an opening hymn, a sacramental hymn, and a closing hymn. Additionally, all 48 sacrament meetings were followed immediately by a transitional hymn allowing teachers a few moments to prepare their classrooms.
- Number of sacrament meetings with performed musical selections or programs: 14
- Number of sacrament meetings with at least one additional (“rest”) hymn sung by the congregation: 19
- Average hymn numbers of particular hymn events with standard deviation (rounded to the nearest integer):
- Opening: 153±92 (Lord, We Ask Thee Ere We Part)
- Sacramental: 184±9 (Upon the Cross of Calvary)
- Rest: 161±98 (The Lord Be with Us)
- Closing: 161±94 (The Lord Be with Us)
- Transition: 125±96 (How Gentle God’s Commands)
- So statistically, we sang the same hymn five times every single week.
Of course what I really wanted to see was whether we missed some hymns in 2009 that I would really like to sing and conduct. Thus was born the hymnstogram:
Simulation
First of all, 48 sacramental hymns were chosen randomly from the 29 hymns in the designated section of Hymns. Next, I made a list of the hymn numbers that are not from the sections of Hymns labeled Sacrament, Easter, Christmas, For Women, For Men, and Patriotic, leaving 264 all-purpose hymns. Most of the opening, rest, closing, and transitional hymns were randomly chosen from the hymn numbers in this list. However, for four weeks these hymn events were chosen from the Christmas section, and for two weeks the opening hymn was chosen from the USA-themed hymns in the Patriotic section.
The rest hymns were a little different, because (as the astute reader will recall) we only sang a rest hymn in 19 of the 48 possible weeks. Thus, attempting to get approximately that number of rest hymns, each rest hymn in my array of hymns would only select a hymn if a random number was less than 19/48. Otherwise it would return a null value, which was then ignored in my analysis.
I ran the simulation 10 times, each time recording how many hymns were sung zero times, one time, and so on up to seven times. I averaged these counts and made a graph of the results.
- The simulated hymnstogram appears very much like the actual one, and is quite well fitted by an exponential decay, though I’m not exactly sure why that is. I’m not convinced my simulation can be accurately described by a Poisson process, so I don’t know why it should have (something like) a Poisson distribution.
- The data points actually do have vertical error bars (representing the standard deviation), but only those on the data point labeled 100.2 are visible, because the others are smaller than the points themselves.
- I didn’t simulate Easter hymns. Sorry. There are only four of them, and the standard deviations for hymns sung zero, one, two, and three times exceeded four, so I’m not too worried that it would make much difference.
- There was one simulation in which a hymn was sung six times, and another in which a hymn was sung seven times (though I didn’t note which hymn it was either time). As a trained scientist, I suspected this might happen, so I was watching for it. I can tell that none of the simulations had a hymn being sung more than seven times, simply because the sum of each of the counts in a given simulation always equals exactly 341.
- You can’t tell from this graph, but we sang none of the hymns from the For Women and For Men sections, which is no surprise since those hymns are not necessarily intended for general mixed-gender congregations. My simulation similarly excluded them.
What does this mean? Does it imply that my Ward Music Chairman is selecting hymns in the same pseudo-random way my simulation works? Not at all. On the other hand, she has several things to consider as she selects the hymns, including the following:
- We have five Ward Organists who rotate through, though two of them haven’t played for a few months due to the goings-on of their individual lives. The facility with which they play varies a little bit between them, but these five talented people do a great service whenever they play, and I’m glad to work with each of them. Their varying skill levels may play a role in the selection of hymns, but I doubt it.
- We also have four youth organists. One of the adult organists got them all started early last year, and one of them usually plays for the closing and transitional hymns. It is an absolute delight to conduct them. As they are all fairly new to the organ, their repertoire is limited to a certain set of hymns, so I am fairly confident that this plays a role in the selection of hymns (or at least it did for a while). I haven’t made an attempt to have these two hymn events (closing and transitional) selected from a subset of hymns that are easier to play on the organ, for that is beyond the scope of this report, and also beyond the depth of my interest in this simulation.
Please note that I expect that a hymnstogram for the typical ward in the US (and perhaps beyond) would look about like mine. My Ward Music Chairman has done a wonderful job in selecting all the hymns, especially considering that I made no recommendations to her. No recommendation I make should be interpreted as criticism of the valuable work she has done.
Recommendations
Without further ado, here are the hymns that we didn’t sing in 2009 that I would really like to sing and conduct in 2010 (note that two of them are already checked off!). I’ve also given some explanations for why I love these hymns. An appendix with all 202 hymns we missed in 2009 follows.
Let me know in the comments if there is a hymn that I haven’t listed here that appears in the appendix and that you would recommend, as well as why you like it.
- 1 The Morning Breaks [Parley P. Pratt!]
- 2 The Spirit of God
- 6 Redeemer of Israel
- 13 An Angel from on High [Parley P. Pratt!]
- 15 I Saw a Mighty Angel Fly [Ralph Vaughn Williams!]
- 29 A Poor Wayfaring Man of Grief
- 35 For the Strength of the Hills [a soaring MoTab-worthy anthem]
- 40 Arise, O Glorious Zion [another anthem]
- 41 Let Zion in Her Beauty Rise [yet another anthem]
- 59 Come, O Thou King of Kings [Parley P. Pratt!]
- 68 A Mighty Fortress is Our God [Martin Luther! and what musical majesty]
- 72 Praise to the Lord, the Almighty [that great 17th-century syncopation]
- 82 For All the Saints [Ralph Vaughn Williams! and a terrific anthem]
- 102 Jesus, Lover of My Soul [for me, this one and the several that follow strongly invite the Spirit via their supplications]
- 108 The Lord is My Shepherd
- 113 Our Savior’s Love
- 114 Come unto Him
- 115 Come, Ye Disconsolate
- 117 Come unto Jesus
- 122 Though Deepening Trials
- 124 Be Still, My Soul
- 130 Be Thou Humble
- 133 Father in Heaven
- 135 My Redeemer Lives [Gordon B. Hinckley!]
- 141 Jesus, the Very Thought of Thee [the tried-and-true text is almost 900 years old, and it just keeps getting better]
- 146 Gently Raise the Sacred Strain
- 149 As the Dew from Heaven Distilling [such a tender melody]
- 165 Abide with Me; ‘Tis Eventide
- 166 Abide with Me
- 179 Again, Our Dear Redeeming Lord [unexpected twists in the harmony]
- 184 Upon the Cross of Calvary [powerful imagery]
- 194 There is a Green Hill Far Away [beautiful in its simplicity]
- 198 That Easter Morn [more great imagery, and can you tell the music was composed by an organist? Awesome]
- 215 Ring Out, Wild Bells [already done in 2010!]
- 217 Come, Let Us Anew [a great call to action]
- 221 Dear to the Heart of the Shepherd [another great motivator with more lovely imagery]
- 240 Know This, That Every Soul is Free
- 242 Praise God, from Whom All Blessings Flow
- 246 Onward, Christian Soldiers
- 253 Like Ten Thousand Legions Marching
- 273 Truth Reflects Upon Our Senses [already done in 2010! It makes way more sense if you sing all the verses, which we did last week]
- 284 If You Could Hie to Kolob [Ralph Vaughn Williams!]
- 286 Oh, What Songs of the Heart [this is a precious song among the extended Pratt family, especially with my grandpa and three of his nine sisters already gone ahead]
- 293 Each Life That Touches Ours for Good
- 301 I Am a Child of God [they don’t get any better, or more Mormon, than this]
- 337 O Home Beloved [I’m pretty sure all the passengers in the airplane could hear this song when I caught sight of some familiar Arizona mountains on the last leg of my journey home from my mission. I certainly could, of which the tears streaming down my face testified]
That’s 46 hymns. If we sing one each week we’re golden!
Appendix
Here is the complete list of the 202 hymn numbers that were not sung in 2009.
- 1
- 2
- 6
- 8
- 9
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 28
- 29
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 59
- 61
- 65
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 74
- 75
- 77
- 79
- 80
- 82
- 84
- 88
- 90
- 99
- 101
- 102
- 107
- 108
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 126
- 127
- 130
- 132
- 133
- 135
- 141
- 145
- 146
- 149
- 150
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167
- 168
- 170
- 175
- 178
- 179
- 184
- 189
- 194
- 197
- 198
- 203
- 211
- 215
- 217
- 221
- 224
- 225
- 228
- 229
- 230
- 231
- 232
- 233
- 234
- 236
- 238
- 240
- 242
- 244
- 245
- 246
- 247
- 248
- 251
- 252
- 253
- 255
- 256
- 257
- 260
- 261
- 262
- 264
- 265
- 266
- 267
- 268
- 269
- 272
- 273
- 275
- 276
- 278
- 279
- 281
- 282
- 283
- 284
- 285
- 286
- 287
- 289
- 290
- 291
- 293
- 296
- 297
- 299
- 301
- 302
- 306
- 307
- 309
- 310
- 311
- 312
- 313
- 314
- 315
- 316
- 317
- 318
- 319
- 320
- 321
- 322
- 323
- 324
- 325
- 326
- 327
- 328
- 329
- 330
- 331
- 332
- 333
- 334
- 335
- 336
- 337
- 341